lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};miUc];'(Political Corruption)
lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};miUc];An]wL:n}.'pQn]An]Kun]PU:mI;sn].nG];lUc]pgc]siuc]:Kw]'
yip];sG].tuiw]; AL,nL,hQt];Agk],pk];pUic]nn].'pun]:tL,hQt];hLnm].mYat]:Sun],tUw]ekL.lQw]'sgm];la};Am],Kw]:KGac],Kw]:pUic]nn].yw]."
An]sG].AL,nL,lUc]pgc]suic]:Am],mqn]:tI:mn];'tL,yUic];Aan];tac],sUiw].tac],lgc]:'
mUin]nc],' tL,Kiun];tQk];tQc]kUn];San]Kt];Pa},kan]pa}miUc];Kw]Tqc]:la};niuc]:nn].El:Sc]'
An]plip]:Kw]hQt];ha}. haw]:kYam];SG],yUw];yUw];tan],tan],nn].El:Sc]' n}.Am],l}:np].Sgn],wL:pQn]lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];
kan]pa};mUic];n}'nc],kaw]," etL:nc],nn]' lgc]:tUc].nuic]hQt];Sac]:An]Am],Kw]:KGac],pk];pUic]'An]kUn];pUk].
klikekL.lQw]hQt];' Am],nn]ekL:' hUm]:hgm];hQt];nn].' epL;mn];Am],sG]:wL:lUc]pgc]suiuc]:Kw]:kQw],pL;sgm];
km];Suiw]:n}.' etAm],l}:wL:mn];pQn]lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};miUc];n}"
lgc]:tUc].nuic]hQt];Sac]: An]Am],Kw]:KGac],pk];pUic]' An]ekL.pQn]Kun]tuik].nc]:lum];ekL.nuic]:hQt];n}.'
etKgt],Pgt],Kw]:pL;pQn] lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};miUc];nn].kGL,' mUiw]:An]wL:lgc]:tUc].niuc]hQt];Sac]:nn].n}.'
pQn]An]kQw], kp];pun]:Pgn];nL:kan]lum];tac];la}nn].km];Suiw]:'nn].kUv];yw]."
pUic]lUc]pgc]suic]:la}:sUiw].la}pUic]tc];SQc]:n}.'
sac]:sap]:Sqc],kp];ka}kn]tc];'lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan] pa};miUc];nn].yw]."
pUic]lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};mUic];n}.'mn];pUic]:kn]nm]la}w}.n}ekL:'Kw]:pL;w}.lgc]:
sUiw];n}.yw].' pn]Kgc]mgn]kin]SU;kin]lap]:' tQk];map],kin]pUin]:' pn]t};ekL.sm]sG]kn]kUv];pQn]yG],'
pn] pI:pn]ngc].kn]kUv];pQn]yG],' Aw]eAL;sL,ciun];Km];pQn]yG],nL,' kin]SU;kin]lap]:'El:lk].ciun];An]pUin]:
Aap]:w}.'sL.sUiw];n}." Pgc];An]lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];n}.' eK;etsac]:Kuic]pn]hG]:ca}:tL,'kan]kL.kan]
Ka}KUw];Pit];rL,swUt]:nn].'mUin]nc],' kL.Ka}yL:mw];km]' Sk].cuin];lm]pQn]ciun];PUik],El:kL.Ka}cuin];'
s kGL,' lgc]:tac];hQt];sUiw];n}.ekL:Am],lgt]:tac];An]ham]:w}.nn].nc],kaw],"
tac];hQt];siUw];An]Kgt],Pgt]:pL;'lgc]:mUik]:kUn].sp];Pit];pk];pUic]n}.'
mn];pqk],pUic]:kn]'Aic]nUiw]suic]:miUc]; El:AL,nL,Pgc];cm];Tt];Sin]nn].yw]."
tI:tqk];mn];sm].' la};hLciun];kgc]kac]tL,hQt];kan]pa};miUc]; mac]mQw];n}.pqk].wL:mn];Kw]:KGac],pk];pUic]tL,Agc]:tI:niuc]:nn].yU,n}eStL.ekL:
'Sm].etpQn]An]Am], Kw]:KGac],pk];pUic]tL,Tqc]:tac],tI:nn].'hQt];nn]" mac]lgc]:mac]tI:n}.'Kun]PU:mI;sn].nG];sum];lUc]pgc]siuc]:
Kw]n}.'mI;hqc];AL,nL,kGac]:KGac]nL,'Am],nn]ekL:' hqc];AL,nL,eA,mac]AUn]:Agn],nL,'nn].El:'lgc]:nn].
n}.mL;hQt];hG]:Kw]sqk],sk];EPyap],' tI:nG];Ek:kac]An]wL:' tac];hQt];mQw];lG]la}la}n}.Kw]:KGac],pk];pUic]
eSEl:'mQw];lG]Am],Kw]:KGac],pk];pUic]n}'nn].yw]."
pUic]puc],hac]:lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kU:pUic]n}.'EP:mak],mUiw]epL;sgt],km],PL,elL;kn}.w}.yw]."
epL;et Aw]tc];km],PL,wL:n}siuc]'An]pn]Kgc]mgn]kin]SU;kin]lap]:nn].An]lQw]kUv];n}.'Kat]:lam];w}.wL:'
nuic]: Kgp]:KUp],pIn}.' etmI;mgk]:ciun];yUAqt].S]etL,lL,1lan].lan].(1JTI,lIyn],)lUiw]wL:n}yw]."
mUic]; An]Am],ham]:Eh.lgc]:mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};miUc];w}.n}.' pUin]:hgc].wL:pQn]mUic];!klqp].tgk].KerSI,@
(Kleptocracy)'tI:pgc],mn];P}a,lik]:Pa},la};n}.wL:'
mUic];PU:lk].Aup].pUic],n}yw]."
Political corruption is the use of legislated powers by government officials for illegitimate private gain. Misuse of government power for other purposes, such as repression of political opponents and general police brutality, is not considered political corruption. Neither are illegal acts by private persons or corporations not directly involved with the government. An illegal act by an officeholder constitutes political corruption only if the act is directly related to their official duties.
All forms of government are susceptible to political corruption. Forms of corruption vary, but include bribery, extortion, cronyism, nepotism, patronage, graft, and embezzlement. While corruption may facilitate criminal enterprise such as drug trafficking, money laundering and trafficking, it is not restricted to these activities.
The activities that constitute illegal corruption differ depending on the country or jurisdiction. For instance, certain political funding practices that are legal in one place may be illegal in another. In some cases, government officials have broad or poorly defined powers, which make it difficult to distinguish between legal and illegal actions.
Corruption of all forms is rampant around the world. Worldwide, bribery alone is estimated to involve over 1 trillion US dollars annually. A state of unrestrained political corruption is known as a kleptocracy, literally meaning "rule by thieves".
Brutal, savage; cruel; inhuman:, = ha}.haw]:kYam];nL,'
lUic];sUic];nL,'
Brutality, a brutal act or practice, = hQt];ha}.haw]:kYam];SG],(tac];-/lgc]:-/An]-)'
Closed friend, = t};ekL.sm]sG]kn]'
Criminal enterprise, = kan]kL.kan]Ka}KUw];Pit];rL,swUt]:'
Cronyism, the practice of favoring one's close
friends, especially in political appointments.,= pn]t};ekL.sm]sG] kn]kUv];pQn]yG],(wL,t)' (pUic]lUc]mn];mUiw]:lUik]:pn]pun]:Pgn];nL:kan]pa};miUc];nn].)'
Graft, In politics, the illegal acceptance of bribes by government officials, = kin]SU;kin]lap]:'
In some cases, = mac]lgc]:mac]tI:n}.'
Kleptocracy, a
government or state in which those in power exploit national
resources and steal;, rule by thieves,= klqp].tgk].Ker,SI<'[mUic];PU:lk].Aup].pUic],{' klqp].tgk].Ker,SI,'
Liable, = sap]:Sqc],kp];ka},kn]' Am],kac];kn]'
Misuse, wrong or improper use, = sG].Am],mqn]:tI:'[sG].tI:mn];Pit];Am],nn]ekL:tI;Am],Sc],Tuk].nn].{'
Nepotism, patronage bestowed or favoritism shown on
the basis of family relationship, as in business and politics:,(She was accused of nepotism
when she made her nephew an officer of the firm), = pn]pI:pn]ngc].kn]kUv];pQn]yG],
(wL,t)'(mUiw]:mn];tac],lan]mn];pQn]PU:mI;sn].nG];sum];kL.Ka}nn].pUin]:En;SG],wL:mn];nac];n}.pn]pI:pn]ngc]kn]kUv];pQn]yG],n}yw].')'
Patronage, the financial support: offices, jobs, or other favors so controlled.,= pn]eAL;sL,ciun];Km];pQn]yG],nL,'
Political appointment, = lUik]:pn]pun]:Pgn];nL:kan]pa};miUc];'
Political corruption, = mUik]:kUt].sp];Pit];kan]pa};mUic];'(lgc]:-')'
Political funding practice, = la};hLciun];kgc]kac]tL,hQt];kan]pa};miUc];'
Press, to compress or squeeze, pressed, = tQk];tQc]' tQk];' KI,nQk];tQk];tQc]'
Rampant, violent in action
or spirit;
raging; furious, = eP:mak],mUiw]epL;sgt],'
Repression, repress again or anew, = Kiun];tQk];tQc]Tqc]:la};mG],'(tac];-/lgc]:-/An]-)
Susceptible, liable or subject to, = sac]:sap]:Sqc],kp];ka},kn]' sac]:Am],kac];kn]'
Vary, to show diversity;
be different, = pUic]:kn]nm]la}'
Worldwide, = Aw]tc];km],PL,wL:'
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